China has entered a crucial stage in the development of key basic iron and steel materials, but some high-quality special steels still rely on imports and are subject to human control. In terms of urgency, new changes in world economic growth and market demand have created new pressures for the transformation and upgrading of China’s industries. At present, scientific and technological innovation and the development of new industries have given birth to new breakthroughs. It can be said that the task of Chinese enterprises breaking through the global low-end lock-in chain is arduous.

Energy, transportation, aviation, and ocean engineering are important strategic pillar industries in China. The development of 700°C ultra-supercritical power stations, high-speed rail, civil aviation, high-end automobiles, and deep-sea projects will all be reflected in the core competitiveness of high-end equipment in China.