The process of export goods mainly includes: quotation, ordering, payment method, goods preparation, packaging, customs clearance, shipment, transportation insurance, bill of lading and foreign exchange settlement

1. quotation

In the process of international trade, the first step is the inquiry and quotation of products. Among them, the quotation for export products mainly includes: product quality grade, product specifications and models, whether the product has special packaging requirements, the quantity of purchased products, delivery requirements, product transportation mode, product material, etc. More commonly used quotations are: FOB, CNF, CIF, insurance and freight, etc.

2.ordering

After the two sides reach an intention on the quotation, the buyer's enterprise formally orders and negotiates with the seller's enterprise on some related matters. After the two sides negotiate and approve, they need to sign the purchase contract. In the process of signing the purchase contract, we mainly discuss the commodity name, specification and model, quantity, price, packaging, place of origin, shipment time, payment terms, settlement method, claim, arbitration and other contents, and write the agreement reached after the negotiation into the purchase contract. This marks the official start of export business. Under normal circumstances, the purchase contract is signed in duplicate, signed by both parties with the company's official seal, and each party keeps one copy.

3.payment method

There are three commonly used international payment methods: letter of credit, TT and direct payment.

goods preparation

Goods preparation plays an important role in the whole trade process and must be implemented one by one according to the contract. The main check contents of goods preparation are as follows

1. The quality and specification of the goods shall be verified according to the requirements of the contract.

2. Quantity of goods: guarantee to meet the quantity requirements of the contract or letter of credit.

3. Preparation time: according to the provisions of the L / C, combined with the shipping schedule, in order to facilitate the connection of shipping and cargo.

5. package

You can choose the packaging form according to the different goods (such as cartons, wooden cases, woven bags, etc.). Different packaging forms have different packaging requirements.

1. General export packing standard: packing according to the general export standard.

2. Special export packaging standards: packaging export goods according to the special requirements of customers.

3. The packing and shipping mark (transport mark) of the goods shall be carefully checked and verified to make them conform to the provisions of the letter of credit.

6. customs clearance

Customs clearance procedures are very cumbersome and extremely important. If the customs clearance can not be completed smoothly, the transaction cannot be completed

1. Export commodities subject to statutory inspection shall be issued with export commodity inspection certificate. At present, China's import and export commodity inspection work mainly has four links

Acceptance of application for inspection: application for inspection refers to the application for inspection made by the foreign trade parties to the commodity inspection authorities.

Sampling:After accepting the inspection application, the commodity inspection authorities shall promptly send personnel to the place where the goods are stored for on-site inspection and appraisal.

Inspection: After accepting the application for inspection, the commodity inspection authorities shall carefully study the declared inspection items and determine the inspection contents. And carefully examine the contract (letter of credit) on the quality, specifications, packaging provisions, clarify the basis of inspection, determine the inspection standards, methods. (inspection methods include sampling inspection, instrumental analysis inspection, physical inspection, sensory inspection, microbiological inspection, etc.)

Issuing certificate: in the aspect of export, all the export commodities listed in the list of categories shall be inspected and qualified by the commodity inspection authorities, and then the issuing bank order shall be signed (or the release seal shall be stamped on the export goods declaration form to replace the release order)

2. It is necessary for the professional customs declaration personnel to go to the customs to handle the customs clearance procedures by holding the packing list, invoice, declaration power of attorney, export foreign exchange verification form, copy of export goods contract, export commodity inspection certificate, etc.

Packing list: the packing list of export products provided by the exporter.

Invoice: Certificate of export products provided by the exporter.

Declaration power of attorney (Electronic): the certificate of declaration agency entrusted by the unit or individual without the ability of declaration.

Export verification form: it is applied by the export unit to the safe. It refers to a kind of document that the unit with export ability obtains export tax rebate.

Commodity inspection certificate: it is obtained after passing the inspection by the entry-exit inspection and quarantine department or its designated inspection agency. It is a general term for all kinds of import and export commodity inspection certificates, appraisal certificates and other certificates. It is a valid certificate with legal basis for all parties concerned in foreign trade to fulfill their contractual obligations, handle claims, negotiate and arbitrate, and provide evidence in litigation. It is also a necessary proof for customs to check and release, collect tariffs, and reduce or reduce tariffs.

shipment

In the process of shipment, you can decide the mode of shipment according to the quantity of the goods, and insure according to the insurance specified in the purchase contract.

transportation insurance

Usually, both parties have agreed on the relevant matters of transportation insurance in advance when signing the purchase contract. The common insurance includes marine cargo transportation insurance, land and air mail cargo transportation insurance, etc. Among them, the risks covered by marine cargo insurance clauses are divided into basic risks and additional risks

Bill of landing

The bill of lading is a document signed by the outward transportation company for the importer to take delivery and settle the foreign exchange after the exporter has gone through the export customs clearance procedures and customs clearance.

The signed bill of lading is issued in accordance with the number of copies required by the letter of credit, generally three copies. The exporter shall keep two copies for tax refund and send one copy to the importer for delivery

When shipping goods, the importer must take delivery of the goods with the original bill of lading, packing list and invoice. The exporter should send the original bill of lading, packing list and invoice to the importer.

If the goods are transported by air, the goods can be picked up directly by fax of bill of lading, packing list and invoice

foreign exchange settlement

After the export goods are loaded, the import and export company shall correctly prepare the documents (packing list, invoice, bill of lading, certificate of origin and foreign exchange settlement) in accordance with the provisions of the letter of credit. Within the period of validity of presentation of documents stipulated in the letter of credit, the documents shall be submitted to the bank for negotiation and settlement of foreign exchange

In addition to the settlement of foreign exchange by L / C, other payment methods generally include telegraphic transfer (T / T), demand draft (D / D), mail transfer (M / T), etc. due to the rapid development of electronization, now the main method of remittance is telegraphic transfer. (in China, export enterprises enjoy preferential export tax rebate policies.)

Written by Ellen